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Hi Jonas 1989: specific to science education, but its basis is in a modus operandi that is generalisable - see their 2002 book for manifestations. Epistemology This has a distinctive interpretation in philosophy as a normative investigation. In psychology, its interpretation as "personal epistemology" is different in that normativity has been "kicked out" with a view to avoiding the fallacy of psychologism [facts never entail norms; from "is" alone, there can be no "ought". See my 2006 chap 1 + 5] so as to focus on facts-alone about personal beliefs measured psychometrically or under experimental conditions that are normatively-free. The latter bears scant relation to the former, and arguable is not about epistemology at all [in the former sense]. Yet you can have your cake and eat it; you can retain insights from normative epistemology along with evidence from psychology - exactly that was Piaget's programme, aka genetic epistemology. I call this developmental epistemology [since 'genetic' today has lost most of its links with 'genesis' in view of advances in genetics qua DNA research]. Roughly, my view is that work in personal epistemology is only one part - and a small one at best; at worst, it is not even that - of a bigger story that has yet to be told. So if you want to do work on teachers' epistemologies, almost everything is still to be done here via re-visiting and reworking Piaget's programme with a joint focus on both norms and evidence. Smith, L. (2006). Norms in human development: introduction. In L. Smith & J. Vonèche. (Eds.). Norms in human development. [pp.1-31]. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Smith, L. (2006). Norms and normative facts in human development. In L. Smith & J. Vonèche. (Eds.). Norms in human development. [pp.103-37]. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Smith, L. (in press 2009). Piaget's developmental epistemology. In U. Müller, J. Carpendale & L. Smith (eds.). Cambridge Companion to Piaget. New York: Cambridge University Press. cheers Les Leslie Smith Homepage Lake District http://www2.clikpic.com/ls99/ Homepage Lancaster University http://www.lancs.ac.uk/fass/edres/profiles/Leslie-Smith/